Analog and Digital Communications : introduction, fourier representation of signals and systems, amplitude modulation, angle modulation, pulse modulation, transition from analog to digital communications, baseband data transmission, digital band-pass modulation techniques, random signals and noise, noise in analog communications, noise in digital communications, system and noise calculations, electrical noise, equivalent noise temperature, free space link calculations, detection of a single pulse in noise, bit error rate, optimum detection of binary pam in noise, fm pre-emphasis and de-emphasis, signal to noise ratios, noise in am receivers using envelope detection, Gaussian processes, transformation of random variables, binary amplitude shift keying, phase shift keying, frequency shift keying, mapping of digitally modulated waveforms onto constellations of signal points, baseband transmission of m-ary data, pulse amplitude modulation, transmission bandwidth of fm waves, single sideband modulation, amplitude modulation, ideal low pass filters.